Applications of Switch-Mode Rectifiers on Micro-grid Incorporating with EV and BESS

A switch-mode rectifier (SMR) can provide adjustable and well-regulated DC output voltage from the available AC source with good line drawn power quality. Depending on the input/output voltage transfer characteristics, the schematics, the operation quadrant, and control, SMRs possess many classifications and application. Typical potential application examples include grid powered motor drives, battery chargers, various power electronic facilities, micro-grids, and grid-connected battery energy storage system (BESS), etc. In micro-grids, the SMR can be employed as the AC generator-followed converter to yield better generating efficiency. The SMR operation of its grid-connected inverter let the grid-to-microgrid (G2M) operation be conduct‐ able in addition to the microgrid-to-grid (M2G) operation. As for the electric vehicle (EV), the bidirectional inverter can be arranged to perform G2V/V2G operations in idle case, wherein the SMR operation is made in G2V battery charging. To promote the application potential and improve the operation performance of SMRs, this article presents the operation controls and applications of SMRs in microgrid systems incorporating BESS and EV as supplemental facilities. First, the classifications, operation principle, and some key issues of SMRs are explored. Secondly, the configuration of the studied system is introduced. Third, the controls and operations of SMRs in micro-grid, wind generators, and grid-connected interface power converters are described. Then the ones in BESS (B2G/G2B) and EV are introduced. Finally, some conclusions and suggestions are given.